Ecosystem Services and Legal Recognition: A Comparative Study

Abstract

This paper explores the legal recognition of ecosystem services across various jurisdictions, emphasizing the integration of these concepts into environmental policies. As the understanding of ecosystem services—benefits derived from well-functioning ecosystems—grows, so does the necessity for legal frameworks that reflect their value. The study conducts a comparative analysis of the legal systems in Brazil, Portugal, Italy, Germany, and France, examining how each country recognizes and incorporates ecosystem services into their environmental legislation. The findings indicate significant variability in legal recognition, with some countries providing comprehensive frameworks while others lag behind. The paper highlights the implications of these differences for sustainable resource management and the protection of natural patrimony. It identifies the challenges faced in implementing effective legal measures and suggests that improved recognition and integration of ecosystem services in law could enhance environmental governance. Ultimately, the research advocates for a multidisciplinary approach that bridges legal and environmental sciences to foster better protection for ecosystem services, ensuring their sustainable management for future generations.

Keywords: Ecosystem services, Legal recognition, Environmental policy, Comparative analysis, Sustainable development, Natural resources, Legal frameworks, Biodiversity, Environmental governance, International law